Fertilizer management
Essential Nutrients for Betel Growth
Betel plants need the following nutrients for proper development:
Macronutrients (Required in large amounts)
• Nitrogen (N) : Promotes healthy leaf growth and deep green color.
• Phosphorus (P) : Strengthens root development and early growth.
• Potassium (K) : Enhances disease resistance and leaf quality.
Micronutrients (Required in small amounts)
• Calcium (Ca) : Improves cell wall strength and prevents leaf curling.
• Magnesium (Mg) : Vital for chlorophyll production.
• Iron (Fe) : Supports enzyme activity and prevents yellowing leaves.
• Zinc (Zn) & Boron (B) : Help in proper leaf formation and plant growth.
Betel Fertilizer Management
Proper fertilizer management is essential for achieving healthy growth, high leaf yield, and quality in betel cultivation. The fertilizer requirement varies depending on the growth stage, soil fertility, and climatic conditions. A balanced combination of organic and inorganic fertilizers ensures optimal plant growth. The Department of Export Agriculture of’ Sri Lanka have recommended following fertilizer mixture and quantities.
Fertilizer recommendation
It is also now possible to buy packets of chemical fertilizers from the market without applying these doses separately.
- Urea 195g
- Triple Super phosphate 65g
- Muriate of Potash 100g
- Keserite 60g
- 420g of above mixture should be applied to 100 betel vines in every three weeks intervals.
Fertilizer Requirement Based on Growth Stage
- Initial Stage (1–6 months): Low doses of nitrogen and phosphorus to encourage root establishment.
- Vegetative Growth Stage (6 months – 2 years): Increased nitrogen application to support vine growth.
- Mature Stage (After 2 years): Balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to enhance leaf yield and quality.
Fertilizer Application Method
Fertilizers should be applied in a ring around the base of the plant , keeping a 5–10 cm distance from the main stem to prevent root damage. Light irrigation after fertilizer application enhances nutrient uptake.